When a policy excludes certain conditions based on past medical history, what is this exclusion known as?

The situation described in the question pertains to the practice of excluding certain medical conditions from coverage based on an individual's prior medical history. This specific exclusion is commonly referred to as a pre-existing condition exclusion.

When an insurance policy mentions a pre-existing condition exclusion, it outlines that any health issues or complications that existed before the effective date of the insurance policy will not be covered. This is a standard practice in many types of health and life insurance to manage risk and maintain the viability of the insurance system.

The other terms, while relevant in various contexts within insurance, do not accurately reflect the exclusion of coverage due to pre-existing conditions. For example, an impairment rider specifically adjusts the premiums or coverage details for individuals with existing health issues, rather than strictly excluding coverage as a whole. Therefore, it is crucial to understand that pre-existing condition exclusions are explicitly tied to the medical history of an applicant, directly influencing the coverage terms of a given insurance policy.